The Birth and Evolution of
Punjabi Cinema
The Birth and Evolution of Punjabi Cinema
Punjabi cinema, or “Pollywood,” began its journey in 1928 with the silent film The Daughters of Today (also known as Prem Priksha), produced by the Premium Company in Lahore, the then capital of greater Punjab. Directed by G.K. Mehta (Gopal Krishan Mehta), the film was censored in Bombay in October 1928 and premiered at Imperial Cinema, Lamington Road, Bombay, in January 1929.
First censor board of Punjab ( 1927) -The first Censor Board of films was formed in Lahore, Punjab in 1927, a year before the screening of this film with 12 members.
The first talking Punjabi film, Mirza Sahiban, was initiated in 1932 by the Hindmata Cinetone Company of Bombay. To bring their ambitious project to life, the company moved to Lahore, where the famous director G.R. Sethi eventually completed it after initial challenges. Lavish production efforts captured the scenic beauty of cities like Amritsar, Lahore, Gujranwala, Jhang, and Gurdaspur, alongside rich Punjabi traditions. The film, later titled Ishq-e-Punjab (Mirza-Sahiban), premiered in March 1935 at Niranjan Talkies, McLeod Road, Lahore, leaving a significant mark on the cultural landscape of Punjab.
Another milestone was Sheela (Pind-di Kuri), released in 1936 by Madan Theatre, Calcutta. Directed by K.D. Mehra and featuring songs and a story by Mehra himself, it was the first Punjabi film made by Punjabis and became a huge success.
The Cultural Context of Punjab
Punjab’s history is deeply rooted in its linguistic and cultural heritage, dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization. Despite invasions and disruptions, Punjab’s literary and artistic traditions have remained resilient. As a frontier state, its culture is a vibrant blend of influences, which Punjabi cinema has consistently reflected through its storytelling. Many early Bollywood pioneers hailed from Punjab, and the region continues to contribute significantly to Indian and global cinema.
The Impact of Partition
The Partition of India in 1947 was a devastating chapter for Punjabi cinema. Lahore, the epicenter of filmmaking in Punjab, became part of Pakistan, dividing the industry and displacing its talent. Filmmakers, actors, and technicians had to migrate to India, leaving behind studios, equipment, and infrastructure. The traumatic socio-political environment further complicated efforts to rebuild the industry.
Survival and Revival
Despite the challenges, Punjabi cinema demonstrated remarkable resilience. By the 1950s, the industry began to rebuild in India, focusing on themes of displacement, nostalgia, and cultural identity. Films like Do Lachhiyan (1959) and Nanak Naam Jahaz Hai (1969) emerged as classics, reconnecting audiences with their heritage and celebrating the indomitable spirit of Punjab.
In Pakistan, Punjabi cinema found its footing with Lahore emerging as “Lollywood.” While it faced hurdles like political instability and limited resources, it continued to produce films that resonated with local audiences.
The Current Landscape
Today, Punjabi cinema has transformed into a vibrant industry on both sides of the border. In India, it thrives with global hits like Carry On Jatta, Punjab 1984, and Sufna, showcasing strong narratives, modern production techniques, and cultural authenticity. These films have captivated not just regional audiences but also the global Punjabi diaspora.
In Pakistan, efforts to revitalize Punjabi cinema are gaining momentum, with new talent and international collaborations contributing to its growth.
A Legacy of Resilience
The journey of Punjabi cinema is a testament to the enduring spirit of its people. From the cultural richness of pre-Partition Lahore to its revival and evolution in India and Pakistan, it reflects a community that refuses to let its stories fade. As it continues to adapt to modern storytelling and embrace global platforms, Punjabi cinema celebrates its heritage while carving a unique place on the world stage.
PIFFLA Hollywood: Taking Punjabi Cinema to Global Heights
The Punjabi International Film Festival Los Angeles (PIFFLA Hollywood) is a pioneering initiative dedicated to showcasing the richness of Punjabi cinema on an international stage. With a vision to bring Punjabi stories, culture, and artistry to global audiences, PIFFLA Hollywood serves as a bridge between the vibrant heritage of Punjabi cinema and the expansive opportunities of the global film industry. By celebrating films that reflect the soul of Punjab and fostering collaborations with international filmmakers, PIFFLA aims to elevate Punjabi cinema to new heights, ensuring its stories and talents resonate worldwide.